Alexander the Great’s planned invasion of India was stopped
in 326 BC by the oracle prophesy he received from the Indian sadhu Calanus.
Anyone familiar with the history of Alexander the Great will
easily recognise the name of Kalanus (Calanus, Kalana, Kalanos) the ascetic
Brahman from Taxila who accompanied Alexander during his campaign in India.
Arrian writes “I have mentioned Kalanos because no history
of Alexander would be complete without the story of Kalanos.
The Greeks called him gymnosophist, meaning naked
philosopher. Kalanos gained a great
reputation as an oracle philosopher (sophist) in Alexander’s camp.
Kalanos was in a group of monks belonging to a cult that
practiced extreme ascetism. They neither built homes nor wore clothes. They
displayed their complete contempt for property and the comforts of civilized
life by discarding both clothes and shelter.
The monks who lived in Taxila were usually exposed to the harsh elements of
nature.
The first appearance of Kalanus in front of Alexander was
like a theatrical performance, the monk's main concern was to convert Alexander to his ascetism.
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