If you read ancient Greek history you will see references to
Hellenes, people of the Hellenistic ear.
These references describe only the short period between the death of
Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the defeat of Egypt by Rome in 31 BC.
Egypt and particularly Alexandria was the center of
Hellenism. The end of the Hellenistic Bornworld
came when the Romans conquered Egypt in 30 BC with the death of Cleopatra.
The name comes from Hellen with two is not Helen of Troy,
but the son of Deucalion and Pyrrha were the only survivors of a flood similar to
the one with Noah’s Ark. As the world was depopulated they started
throwing stones which turned into people.
The first stone they threw became a male Hellene with two ls
in his name. Ovid did not come up of using the term Hellenes to describe the
Greek people but according to Thucydides:
“Before the Trojan War there is no indication of Hellas nor indeed of the
universal prevalence of the name; on the contrary before the time of Hellen,
son of Deucalion no such appellation existed but the country went by the name of different tribes, especially
the Pelasgians. It was not until Hellen and his sons grew strong in Phthiotis
and were invited as allies into other cities, they one by one acquired the name
Hellenes, though a long time elapsed before could fasten itself upon all. The best proof is furnished by Homer. Born long after the Trojan War, he nowhere
calls them by that name nor indeed any of them except the followers of Achilles from Phthiotis who
were the original Hellenes. In his poems
they were called Danaeans, Agrines, and
Achaians.
After the death of Alexander the Great, some city-states
came under Greek influence and were “Hellenised”. The Hellenes were therefore
ethnic Greeks as one knows them today.
As Greek influence spread, Hellenism reached the Balkans, the Middle
east and modern India and Pakistan.
As the Roman Republic became stronger.it began to flex its military might in 168 BC the Romans conquered Macedonia and Greece became a Roman protectorate. It was then that the Romans started imitating Greek clothing, religion and ideas.
The end of the Hellenistic period was in 31 BC. It was then that Octavius who later became Augustus Caesar defeated Mark Anthony and Cleopatra and made Greece part of the Roman Empire.”
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